Summary
identified initial compromise attempts, isolated affected systems, and forced the red team into an assume breach model. This advisory details the red team’s activity and organizations’ defensive actions, offering lessons learned and mitigations to help critical infrastructure organizations strengthen detection, response, and protections in IT, cloud, and operational technology (OT) environments. ▪ Untuned detection tools lead to missed threats. Without well-defined baselines and alert filtering, false positives and routine alerts overwhelm network defenders. ▪ Organizational silos and bureaucratic hurdles prevent effective incident response. Detection tools are only as effective as the people, processes, and Lessons Learned procedures supporting them; fragmented communication, unclear responsibilities, and limited defender authority hinder effective incident response. ▪ Cloud environments are often an underestimated risk. Organizations often lack security controls for cloud environments and processes for responding to a cloud compromise. ▪ Establish and continuously maintain a baseline and reduce alert noise by fine tuning. ▪ Break down silos and empower network defenders. ▪ Implement Conditional Access policies for workload identities and monitor for